/**
 * Copyright (c) 2011-2025 Bill Greiman
 * This file is part of the SdFat library for SD memory cards.
 *
 * MIT License
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
 * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
 * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
 * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
 * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
 * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
 * in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
 * OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
 * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
 * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 */
#pragma once
/**
 * \file
 * \brief Ring buffer for data loggers.
 */
#include "common/FmtNumber.h"
#include "common/SysCall.h"

#ifndef DOXYGEN_SHOULD_SKIP_THIS
//  Teensy 3.5/3.6 has hard fault at 0x20000000 for unaligned memcpy.
#if defined(__MK64FX512__) || defined(__MK66FX1M0__)
inline bool is_aligned(const void *ptr, uintptr_t alignment)
{
    auto iptr = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(ptr);
    return !(iptr % alignment);
}
inline void memcpyBuf(void *dst, const void *src, size_t len)
{
    const uint8_t *b = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t *>(0X20000000UL);
    uint8_t *d = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(dst);
    const uint8_t *s = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t *>(src);
    if ((is_aligned(d, 4) && is_aligned(s, 4) && (len & 3) == 0) ||
        !((d < b && b <= (d + len)) || (s < b && b <= (s + len))))
    {
        memcpy(dst, src, len);
    }
    else
    {
        while (len--)
        {
            *d++ = *s++;
        }
    }
}
#else  // defined(__MK64FX512__) || defined(__MK66FX1M0__)
inline void memcpyBuf(void *dst, const void *src, size_t len)
{
    memcpy(dst, src, len);
}
#endif // defined(__MK64FX512__) || defined(__MK66FX1M0__)
#endif // DOXYGEN_SHOULD_SKIP_THIS
/**
 * \class RingBuf
 * \brief Ring buffer for data loggers and data transmitters.
 *
 * This ring buffer may be used in ISRs. Use beginISR(), endISR(), write()
 * and print() in the ISR and use writeOut() in non-interrupt code
 * to write data to a file.
 *
 * Use beginISR(), endISR() and read() in an ISR with readIn() in non-interrupt
 * code to provide file data to an ISR.
 */
template <class F, size_t Size> class RingBuf : public Print
{
  public:
    /**
     * RingBuf Constructor.
     */
    RingBuf()
    {
        begin(nullptr);
    }
    /**
     * Initialize RingBuf.
     * \param[in] file Underlying file.
     */
    void begin(F *file)
    {
        m_file = file;
        m_count = 0;
        m_head = 0;
        m_tail = 0;
        m_inISR = false;
        clearWriteError();
    }
    /**
     *  Disable protection of m_count by noInterrupts()/interrupts.
     */
    void beginISR()
    {
        m_inISR = true;
    }
    /**
     * \return the RingBuf free space in bytes.
     */
    size_t bytesFree() const
    {
        return Size - bytesUsed();
    }
    /**
     * \return the RingBuf used space in bytes.
     */
    size_t bytesUsed() const
    {
        if (m_inISR)
        {
            return m_count;
        }
        else
        {
            noInterrupts();
            size_t rtn = m_count;
            interrupts();
            return rtn;
        }
    }
    /**
     * Enable protection of m_count by noInterrupts()/interrupts.
     */
    void endISR()
    {
        m_inISR = false;
    }
#ifndef DOXYGEN_SHOULD_SKIP_THIS
    // See write(), read(), beginISR() and endISR().
    size_t __attribute__((error("use write(buf, count), beginISR(), endISR()")))
    memcpyIn(const void *buf, size_t count);
    size_t __attribute__((error("use read(buf, count), beginISR(), endISR()"))) memcpyOut(void *buf, size_t count);
#endif // DOXYGEN_SHOULD_SKIP_THIS
    /** Print a number followed by a field terminator.
     * \param[in] value The number to be printed.
     * \param[in] term The field terminator.  Use '\\n' for CR LF.
     * \param[in] prec Number of digits after decimal point.
     * \return The number of bytes written.
     */
    size_t printField(double value, char term, uint8_t prec = 2)
    {
        char buf[24];
        char *str = buf + sizeof(buf);
        if (term)
        {
            *--str = term;
            if (term == '\n')
            {
                *--str = '\r';
            }
        }
        str = fmtDouble(str, value, prec, false);
        return write(str, buf + sizeof(buf) - str);
    }
    /** Print a number followed by a field terminator.
     * \param[in] value The number to be printed.
     * \param[in] term The field terminator.  Use '\\n' for CR LF.
     * \param[in] prec Number of digits after decimal point.
     * \return The number of bytes written or -1 if an error occurs.
     */
    size_t printField(float value, char term, uint8_t prec = 2)
    {
        return printField(static_cast<double>(value), term, prec);
    }
    /** Print a number followed by a field terminator.
     * \param[in] value The number to be printed.
     * \param[in] term The field terminator.  Use '\\n' for CR LF.
     * \return The number of bytes written or -1 if an error occurs.
     */
    template <typename Type> size_t printField(Type value, char term)
    {
        char sign = 0;
        char buf[3 * sizeof(Type) + 3];
        char *str = buf + sizeof(buf);

        if (term)
        {
            *--str = term;
            if (term == '\n')
            {
                *--str = '\r';
            }
        }
        if (value < 0)
        {
            value = -value;
            sign = '-';
        }
        if (sizeof(Type) < 4)
        {
            str = fmtBase10(str, static_cast<uint16_t>(value));
        }
        else
        {
            str = fmtBase10(str, static_cast<uint32_t>(value));
        }
        if (sign)
        {
            *--str = sign;
        }
        return write((const uint8_t *)str, &buf[sizeof(buf)] - str);
    }
    /** Read data from RingBuf.
     * \param[out] buf destination for data.
     * \param[in] count number of bytes to read.
     * \return Actual count of bytes read.
     */
    size_t read(void *buf, size_t count)
    {
        size_t n = bytesFree();
        if (count > n)
        {
            count = n;
        }
        uint8_t *dst = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(buf);
        n = minSize(Size - m_tail, count);
        if (n == count)
        {
            memcpyBuf(dst, m_buf + m_tail, n);
            m_tail = advance(m_tail, n);
        }
        else
        {
            memcpyBuf(dst, m_buf + m_tail, n);
            memcpyBuf(dst + n, m_buf, count - n);
            m_tail = count - n;
        }
        adjustCount(-count);
        return count;
    }
    /**
     * Efficient read for small types.
     *
     * \param[in] data location for data item.
     * \return true for success else false.
     */
    template <typename Type> bool read(Type *data)
    {
        if (bytesUsed() < sizeof(Type))
        {
            return false;
        }
        uint8_t *ptr = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(data);
        for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(Type); i++)
        {
            ptr[i] = m_buf[m_tail];
            m_tail = advance(m_tail);
        }
        adjustCount(-sizeof(Type));
        return true;
    }
    /**
     * Read data into the RingBuf from the underlying file.
     * the number of bytes read may be less than count if
     * bytesFree is less than count.
     *
     * This function must not be used in an ISR.
     *
     * \param[in] count number of bytes to be read.
     * \return Number of bytes actually read or negative for read error.
     */
    int readIn(size_t count)
    {
        size_t n = bytesFree();
        if (count > n)
        {
            count = n;
        }
        n = minSize(Size - m_head, count);
        auto rtn = m_file->read(m_buf + m_head, n);
        if (rtn <= 0)
        {
            return rtn;
        }
        size_t nread = rtn;
        if (n < count && nread == n)
        {
            rtn = m_file->read(m_buf, count - n);
            if (rtn > 0)
            {
                nread += rtn;
            }
        }
        m_head = advance(m_head, nread);
        adjustCount(nread);
        return nread;
    }
    /**
     * Write all data in the RingBuf to the underlying file.
     * \return true for success.
     */
    bool sync()
    {
        size_t n = bytesUsed();
        return n ? writeOut(n) == n : true;
    }
    /**
     * Copy data to the RingBuf from buf.
     *
     * No data will be copied if count is greater than bytesFree.
     * Use getWriteError() to check for print errors and
     * clearWriteError() to clear the error.
     *
     * \param[in] buf Location of data to be written.
     * \param[in] count number of bytes to be written.
     * \return Number of bytes actually written.
     */
    size_t write(const void *buf, size_t count)
    {
        if (bytesFree() < count)
        {
            setWriteError();
            return 0;
        }
        const uint8_t *src = (const uint8_t *)buf;
        size_t n = minSize(Size - m_head, count);
        if (n == count)
        {
            memcpyBuf(m_buf + m_head, src, n);
            m_head = advance(m_head, n);
        }
        else
        {
            memcpyBuf(m_buf + m_head, src, n);
            memcpyBuf(m_buf, src + n, count - n);
            m_head = count - n;
        }
        adjustCount(count);
        return count;
    }
    /**
     * Copy str to RingBuf.
     *
     * \param[in] str Location of data to be written.
     * \return Number of bytes actually written.
     */
    size_t write(const char *str)
    {
        return Print::write(str);
    }
    /**
     * Override virtual function in Print for efficiency.
     *
     * \param[in] buf Location of data to be written.
     * \param[in] count number of bytes to be written.
     * \return Number of bytes actually written.
     */
    size_t write(const uint8_t *buf, size_t count) override
    {
        return write((const void *)buf, count);
    }
    /**
     * Efficient write for small types.
     * \param[in] data Item to be written.
     * \return Number of bytes actually written.
     */
    template <typename Type> size_t write(Type data)
    {
        uint8_t *ptr = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(&data);
        if (bytesFree() < sizeof(Type))
        {
            setWriteError();
            return 0;
        }
        for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(Type); i++)
        {
            m_buf[m_head] = ptr[i];
            m_head = advance(m_head);
        }
        adjustCount(sizeof(Type));
        return sizeof(Type);
    }
    /**
     * Required function for Print.
     * \param[in] data Byte to be written.
     * \return Number of bytes actually written.
     *
     * Try to force devirtualization by using final and always_inline.
     */
    size_t write(uint8_t data) final __attribute__((always_inline))
    {
        // Use this if above does not compile  size_t write(uint8_t data) final {
        return write<uint8_t>(data);
    }
    /**
     * Write data to file from RingBuf buffer.
     * \param[in] count number of bytes to be written.
     *
     * The number of bytes written may be less than count if
     * bytesUsed is less than count or if an error occurs.
     *
     * This function must only be used in non-interrupt code.
     *
     * \return Number of bytes actually written.
     */
    size_t writeOut(size_t count)
    {
        size_t n = bytesUsed(); // Protected from interrupts;
        if (count > n)
        {
            count = n;
        }
        n = minSize(Size - m_tail, count);
        auto rtn = m_file->write(m_buf + m_tail, n);
        if (rtn <= 0)
        {
            return 0;
        }
        size_t nwrite = rtn;
        if (n < count && nwrite == n)
        {
            rtn = m_file->write(m_buf, count - n);
            if (rtn > 0)
            {
                nwrite += rtn;
            }
        }
        m_tail = advance(m_tail, nwrite);
        adjustCount(-nwrite);
        return nwrite;
    }

  private:
    uint8_t __attribute__((aligned(4))) m_buf[Size];
    F *m_file;
    volatile size_t m_count;
    size_t m_head;
    size_t m_tail;
    volatile bool m_inISR;

    void adjustCount(int amount)
    {
        if (m_inISR)
        {
            m_count += amount;
        }
        else
        {
            noInterrupts();
            m_count += amount;
            interrupts();
        }
    }
    size_t advance(size_t index)
    {
        if (!((Size - 1) & Size))
        {
            return (index + 1) & (Size - 1);
        }
        return index + 1 < Size ? index + 1 : 0;
    }
    size_t advance(size_t index, size_t n)
    {
        index += n;
        return index < Size ? index : index - Size;
    }
    // avoid macro MIN
    size_t minSize(size_t a, size_t b)
    {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }
};
